# Fraňková–Helly selection theorem

Fraňková–Helly selection theorem In mathematics, the Fraňková–Helly selection theorem is a generalisation of Helly's selection theorem for functions of bounded variation to the case of regulated functions. It was proved in 1991 by the Czech mathematician Dana Fraňková.

Background Let X be a separable Hilbert space, and let BV([0, T]; X) denote the normed vector space of all functions f : [0, T] → X with finite total variation over the interval [0, T], equipped with the total variation norm. It is well known that BV([0, T]; X) satisfies the compactness theorem known as Helly's selection theorem: given any sequence of functions (fn)n∈N in BV([0, T]; X) that is uniformly bounded in the total variation norm, there exists a subsequence {displaystyle left(f_{n(k)}right)subseteq (f_{n})subset mathrm {BV} ([0,T];X)} and a limit function f ∈ BV([0, T]; X) such that fn(k)(t) converges weakly in X to f(t) for every t ∈ [0, T]. That is, for every continuous linear functional λ ∈ X*, {displaystyle lambda left(f_{n(k)}(t)right)to lambda (f(t)){mbox{ in }}mathbb {R} {mbox{ as }}kto infty .} Consider now the Banach space Reg([0, T]; X) of all regulated functions f : [0, T] → X, equipped with the supremum norm. Helly's theorem does not hold for the space Reg([0, T]; X): a counterexample is given by the sequence {displaystyle f_{n}(t)=sin(nt).} One may ask, however, if a weaker selection theorem is true, and the Fraňková–Helly selection theorem is such a result.

Statement of the Fraňková–Helly selection theorem As before, let X be a separable Hilbert space and let Reg([0, T]; X) denote the space of regulated functions f : [0, T] → X, equipped with the supremum norm. Let (fn)n∈N be a sequence in Reg([0, T]; X) satisfying the following condition: for every ε > 0, there exists some Lε > 0 so that each fn may be approximated by a un ∈ BV([0, T]; X) satisfying {displaystyle |f_{n}-u_{n}|_{infty }

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